To tie wire—

Ends of brace wire parallel.

Right angles tied diagonally.

Brace wire tied without use of tie wire.

Before beginning to make a frame of wire, time will be saved and necessary experience gained by tying a few short pieces of wire, until a strong joint can be made. Cut fifty pieces or more of tie wire three-quarters of an inch long. Cut two pieces of brace or frame wire two or three inches long. Lap the ends of the heavy wire one inch, then lap one of these pieces of tie wire around once as close to the end of the brace wire as is possible. Hold in the left hand and with the end of the pliers grasp the ends of the tie wire as close to the brace wire as possible and twist tightly until the joint feels firm. Place pliers back a little and twist several times until a little cable is formed. Cut this off, leaving an eighth-inch end. Press this end down flat with the jaws of the pliers. Tie the other end in the same manner. Practice this until a satisfactory joint can be made with ease, before attempting to make a frame of wire.

TO TIE TWO WIRES WITH TIE WIRE	TO TIE TWO WIRES DIAGONALLY WITH USE OF TIE WIRE
METHOD OF MAKING PAPER PATTERN FOR DROOPING BRIM	METHOD OF PINNING FABRIC ON DROOPING BRIM
BRAID-COVERED BRIM SHOWING METHOD OF FILLING IN SHORT LENGTHS WHEN THE DIFFERENCE IN WIDTH OF THE TWO SIDES IS VERY GREAT	PATTERN PINNED IN PLEATS FOR SHAPED BRIMS OF FABRIC. ILLUSTRATION SHOWS PATTERN PINNED ON BUCKRAM READY TO CUT